2015年10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语(一)试卷

(课程代码 00012)

第一部分选择题(共20分)

一， 阅读判断(第1-10题，每题1分，共10分)

下面的短文后列出了十个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，选择C,并在“答题卡”上将相应字母涂黑。

Atwentieth-centurywoman

MaryaSkodowska was born onNovember 7, 1867, in Poland. Marya’s father wanted hisfive children to go tocollege, but the family was poor. In fact, Marya workedfor six years to makemoney so her elder sister Bronya could study medicine inParis. When Bronyafinished medical school in 1891, 23-year-old Marya went toParis to begin herown study.

InJuly 1893, Marie passed herphysics exam first in her class. At this time, shemet Pierre curie, a youngscientist. Marie and Pierre found that they had muchin common. They bothbelieved that science was the most important part of theirlives. They didn’tcare about money or about being comfortable. They fell inlove, and weremarried on July 26, 1895. Marie and Pierre were very happy. Theydiscussedtheir work as well as the most recent scientific events, such as the discoveryofX rays. Marie was interested in this research and began to look forunknownelements that had such rays. Pierre stopped his own research in order tohelpMarie in her work. He realized that she was about to make animportantdiscovery.

In1898, they discovered two newelements that gave off X rays. In those days, noone knew that such materialswere dangerous. They did not know that working withthese materials causedtheir illness, and they kept working. Finally, in 1902,they proved that radium(镭) is real.

OnJune 25, 1903, Madame became thefirst woman to receive a doctor of sciencedegree from the Sorbonne. Then shereceived an even greater award. In 1903,Marie and Pierre and Henri wereawarded the Nobel Prize in physics.

1Marya went to Paris to begin herown study when she finished medical school.

A.True B. False C. Not given

2Marya changed her name to Frenchform, Marie , in Paris.

A.True B.False C. Not given

3Marya had quarreled with hersister before moving out of her sister’s home.

A.True B. False C. Not given

4Marya was happy even if she livedin hard living conditions.

A.True B.False C. Not given

5Marie and Pierre fell in lovebecause they had different ideas about science andlife.

A.True B.False C. Not given

6Pierre didn’t want to stop hisown research to help Marie.

A.True B.False C. Not given

7Pierre’s parents didn’t agreewith his marriage with Marie.

A.True B.False C. Not given

8Marie alone found two elementsthat gave off X rays in 1898.

A.True B.False C. Not given

9Marie and Pierre did not know thedanger of those materials giving off X rays.

A.True B.False C. Not given

10Marie and Pierre won the NobelPrize in physics in 1903.

A.True B.False C. Not given

二阅读选择(第11-15题，每题2分，共10分)

阅读下面短文，请从短文后所给各题的4个选项(A,B,C,D,)中选出1个最佳选项，并在“答题卡”上将相应字母涂黑。

NationalHealth Service

TheBritish National Health Service (NHS) was setup in 1948 and was to provideequal basic and free health care for everybody inthe countryside. Before thistime, health care had to be paid for byindividuals.

Nowadays,the central government is directlyresponsible for the NHS, although it ismanaged by local health organizations.About 83 percent of the cost of thehealth service is paid for by generaltaxation and the rest is met from thenational insurance contributions paid bythose in work. Some people have to payfor prescription and dental care butother people, such as children, pregnantwomen, and those on income support,are exempt from payment.

Asthe people of Britain gets older, the hospitalservice now treats more patientsthan before, although patients spend less timein hospital. NHS hospitals---manyof which were built in the nineteenthcentury—provide nearly half a million bedsand have over 480,000 medical staff.The NHS is the biggest employer in Europe,although Britain actually spendsless per person on health care than most of herEuropean neighbors.

Duringthe 1980s, the health service increasedemphasis on managerial efficiency andthe privatization (私人化) of some services (for example,cleaning). Atthe end of the 198s, the government introduced plans for furtherreform of theNHS, including allowing some hospitals to be self-managing.Patients would beable to choose and change their family doctor more easily.However, thepolitical questions continue of how much money should be providedto supportthe NHS and where it should come from.

11 Wecan know from the first paragraph that_____________.

A. theNHS was to provide equal basic health care for people in the cities.

B.people in cities didn’t have to pay for health care before 1948.

C.patients in countryside had to pay money for health care before 1948

D. theNHS was an organization which gave free advice to villagers.

12What does the underlined word “exempt”probably mean?

A.suffering B. different C. prevented D. free

13According to paragraph 2 and 3, which of thefollowing is TRUE about HNS?

A. It’smanaged by the central government.

B. ithires more people than any other unit in Europe.

C. fewerpatients go to NHS hospitals than before in Britain.

D. itscost is mainly paid for by the national insurance contributions

14The NHS reform during 1980s focused more on_______________.

A.efficiency and self-managing B.efficiency andprivatization

C.competition and self-managing D.competition and privatization

15According to the last paragraph, the biggestproblem for the NHS is ___________.

A. manyhospitals are too old to be used

B. someservices are provided by individuals

C. morepatients go to other countries for treatment

D. thereis not enough money for further reform

第二部分 非选择题(共80分)

三，概括段落大意和补全句子(第16-25题，每题1分，共10分)

阅读下面短文，请完成短文后的两项测试任务：(1)从第16-20题后所给的6个选项中为第①--⑤段每段选择一个正确的小标题;(2)从第21-25题后所给的6个选项中选择5个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。在“非选择题”答题区内

Greatsoccer player

1Soccer is played by millions of people all overthe world, but there have onlybeen a few player who were truly great. How didthese players get great? Was itthrough training and practice? Or were greatplayers born not trained to begreat? Studies show that these great playersshare something in common.

2First,theseplayers come from places that have had famous stars in the past so that ayoungboy can look up to and try to imitate (模仿). In the history of soccer,only six countrieshave ever won the World Cup—three from South America andthree from WesternEurope. There has never been a great national team---or areally greatplayer—from North America or from Asia.

3Second, these players have years of practice inthe game. Alfredo di Stefano wasthe son of a soccer player, so was Pele. Mostplayers begin playing the game atthe age of three or four.

4Finally, many great players come from the samekind of neighborhood (聚居区)—a poor, crowded area where a boy’s dream is notto be a doctor,lawyer, or businessman, but to become a rich, famous athlete orentertainer. Forexample, Liverpool, which produced the Beatles (甲壳虫乐队),had one of the best English soccer teams inrecent years, Pele practiced in thestreet with a “ball” made of rags (破布). And George best learnedthe tricks by bouncingthe ball off a wall in the slums (贫民窟) of Belfast.

5Generally, all great players have a lot incommon, but that doesn’t explain whythey are great. Hundreds of boys played inthose Brizilian streets, but only onebecame Pele. The greatest players areborn with some unique quality that sets themapart from all the others.

Task1

A. not rich neighborhoodB. still no clear reasonsC rare trulygreat playersD. a very popular gameE. long and earlier practiceF. famous star effect

16.Paragraph①:

17.Paragraph②:

18.paragraph③:

19.paragraph④:

20.Paragraph⑤:

Task2

21There are millions of soccer fans in the world but only ____________.

22Six countries from South America and Western Europe have ever won____________.

23Most great soccer players have started their soccer practice whentheywere____________.

24Many great players grew up in ___________.

25George best practiced his soccer skills in ______________.

A the poor area of Belfast

B. three or four years old

C from veryrich families

D. poor neighborhood

E. a few truly great players

F. the world cup

四，填句补文(第26-30题，每题2分，共10分)

下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌，并在“非选择题”答题区作答。

Babiesare good language learners

It ishard to know what babies want. They cantalk, walk, or even point at what theyare thinking about. Yet new-born babiesbegin to develop language skills longbefore they begin speaking. And comparedto adults, they develop these skillsquickly. People have a hard time learningnew languages as they grow older.___________26____________.

For along time, scientists have tried to explainhow such young children can learnthose grammatical rules and the sounds of alanguage.___________27______________. This might finally help children withlearningdifficulties as well as adults who want to learn a newlanguage.______________28_____________.

Mostbabies go “goo goo” and “ma ma” by the timethey are six months old.____________29___________. For decades, scientistshave wondered how brains ofyoung children figure out how to communicate byusing language. With help fromnew technologies and research strategies,scientists are now finding that babiesbegin life with the ability to learn anylanguage. They come into contact withother people, listen to what they say andwatch their movements very closely.___________30____________. Studies showthat, up to six months, babies canrecognize all the sounds that make up allthe languages in the world.

A. Itmight also help scientists to designcomputes that can communicate as people do.

B.That is why they quickly master the languagesthey hear most often.

C.But, babies have the ability to learn anylanguage easily.

D.Most children speak in full sentences by theage of three.

E.Adults suffer a lot from their work andhousework.

F.Now, researchers understand better about thelearning of grammatical rules and thesounds.

五，填词补文(第31—40题，每题1.5分，共15分)

下面的短文有10出空白，短文后列出12个词，其中10个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌，并在“非选择题”答题区内作答。

Stopsmoking

Ibegan to smoke when Iwas in high school. In fact, I remember the evening I wasat a girlfriend’shouse, and we were ___31____ a movie. The actors in the moviesmoked a lot. Myfriend found two cigarettes from her mother’s purse, and shegave on to me. Itwas my first time.

Myparents didn’t careit too much because they both ___32_____, and my olderbrother did too. Mymother told me that smokers don’t grow tall, but I wasalready ____33___ thanmost of the boys in my class, so I was happy to hear that“fact”. The ____34___in school talked against smoking, but the cigaretteadvertisements were soexciting.

Ireada book ___35___ how to stop smoking. The writer thought thatsmoking___36____time, and that cigarettes cost a lot of money. Ten yearslater,everyone began to hear about the ___37___ effects of cigarette smoke:lungdisease, cancer, and heart problems. After that, there was a health____38__ onevery pack of cigarettes. I didn’t pay much ___39___ to the reportsandwarnings. I felt healthy, and I thought I was taking good care of myself.

Thentwo events changed mymind. First, I started to cough. I thought It was just acold, but it didn’tget better. Second, my brother got lung cancer. He gotsicker and sicker. I satwith him in his hospital room, and I decided to____40____. However, it wasvery hard to do so.

A.quit E.teachers I.bad

B.aware F. attention J.taller

C.watching G.wastes K .warning

D.named H.different L. smoked

六，完形补文(第41—50题，每题1.5分，共15分)

下面的短文有10处空白，每处空白处的括号内有一个词，请根据短文内容将其正确的形式填入文中，以恢复文章原貌，并在“非选择题”答题区内作答。

Music

The___41___ (important)of music in our lives cannot be defined with words. It isthe air we breatheand the thoughts we think. It is the melodies that beat tothe tune of ourhearts. It is the ____42____ (universe) language that we can allunderstand andrelate to, even when our personal definitions vary. Music is avery ____43___(value) too throughout the world.

Musicis the voice welong for when we can’t find ___44___ (word) to speak. Manypeople will agreethat there are songs that were ____45___ (write) just forthem. Songs cansometimes say things ___46____ (good) than we could have saidthem. They canexpress our emotions though we didn’t ___47____ (real) know wefelt that way.Music can put things into perspective.

Thereare a lot oftopics to be ____48___ (discuss) when it comes to music. If you are___49___ (talk) about music, dead silence isn’t anoption. ___50____(play) music in the background at parties will help calm yourguests. Music setsthe mood and makes thing happier.

七，短文写作(第51题，30分)

请根据要求撰写一篇120词左右的英语短文。将短文写在“非选择题”答题区内。

Writean invitation letter to your friend for your birthday party based on the following information in about 120 words. Your name: jackYour friend’s name: tomTime: 6:30 p.m.---8:30 p.m., march 20thPlace:your homeActivities: sing, dance, play chess, etc.

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